DOA uses numpad notation, which means that it uses numbers to denote direction inputs. The name "numpad notation" comes from the fact that the numbers assigned to each direction lines up with the numpad keys on a keyboard. Directions assume that your character is facing right.
A white arrow (

) means a single press.
A black arrow (

) means a held down input.
A white dot (

) technically means no direction input, or letting go of your direction inputs. However, DOA movelists will often use this symbol to signify a brief pause before performing the next input.
Dead or Alive utilizes 3 buttons for command input. These buttons are:

Free (used to defend and hold).

Punch (used for punching strikes).

Kick (used for kicking strikes).
Dead or Alive also utilizes button macros for various actions.

is used for throws.

is generally used for strong punches and special stances.

is generally used for strong kicks.

is generally used for taunts and tag moves.
You can press

to cancel further inputs during a string. By doing so you can ensure that no time is wasted between one attack expiring and the next attack commencing.
For example, Gen Fu has a three hit string that is




. If you wanted to only do the first two hits,



and then follow it with a normal

, you press

after the second hit and immediately press

afterwards.
In other words, your inputs would look like this:



,

,
Some move inputs require you to rotate your stick or slide your finger across the pad to input multiple directions in a row, which is shown with special arrow icons. Below you can see the directions corresponding to each circular input icon.